X-ray studies at high pressure, high temperatures in a large volume press can only be carried out at the Synchrotron. For Earth scientist the goal of such studies to simulate in Laboratory conditions like in the interior of our planet to measure precise determination of lattice constants at different pressures, dynamical observations of phase transitions, melting points, viscosities and many other things.

The temperature and pressure dependent volume change were spinels seem to be important constituents of the deep interior of the Earth while transition with spinel or pseudospinel structure strongly influence the dynamic of the mantle. On the other hand, spinels are widely used as artificial material.

The experiments were carried out at DESY German Electron Synchrotron (Hamburg, Germany) on two beamlines (F2.1, W2) at DORIS III ring, with a single stage and a double stage multi-anvil press, respectively. XRD-Spectra at both presses were collected using energy-dispersive mode. The high pressure multi anvil devices MAX80 (F2.1 Beamline) and MAX200x (W2 Beamline) were used to determine the pressure and temperature induced volume change.

The F2.1 beamline was a bending magnet beamline with a critical energy of 16.6 keV and an energy range up to 75 keV. The W2 beamline was a hard-wiggler beamline with a critical energy of 26.4 keV and an energy range up to 175 keV. Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction was used to determine the pressure and temperature induced volume change. Isothermal experiments were performed up to 15 GPa at ambient temperature.