Plasma at extremely multimegabar pressures and temperatures is of great scientific importance for our basic understanding of the astrophysical objects’ structure and evolution and for many energetic technologies. In this report, we discuss the dynamic shock wave methods for the nonideal plasma high pressure generations based on the matter compression and heating in intense shock waves fronts and in waves of adiabatic expansion. To generate shocks in a megabar and multimegabar pressure range the linear cylindrical and spherical high explosive charges, intense laser and corpuscular beams, high velocity impacts, and soft X-rays were used.

The experimental data and the physical models of strongly coupled nonideal plasma are analyzed. These models represent the main physical effects in the nonideal plasmas such as: the metallization and dielectrization of strongly compressed plasma, plasma phase transition, deformation of energy spectrum of compressed ions and atoms and etc. The report presents physical properties of plasma and plasma phase transformations in a broad range of pressures and temperatures. The contributions of nonideality and electron degeneracy to strongly coupled plasma thermodynamics are discussed. In our experiments we have obtained a strongly compressed deuterium plasma up to pressure ~ 200 Mbar, in which electron correlations and degeneracy effects under the conditions of strong interparticle interaction are significant. The obtained experimental results have been compared with the theoretical models of strongly nonideal partly degenerate plasma. We have obtained experimental confirmation of the plasma phase transition in the pressure range near 150 GPa (1.5 Mbar), which is in keeping with the conclusion concerning anomaly in the compressibility of the deuterium plasma. Based on the experimental data wide-range semi-empirical equations of state for nonideal plasma are presented. These semi-empirical models are used for multidimensional computer simulation of pulsed high-energy processes in plasma.